I2C vs SPI vs UART: Wiring, Speed, and How to Choose

A side-by-side comparison of the three serial buses every microcontroller project runs into — I2C, SPI and UART — across four axes: number of signal lines, speed, how many devices you can hang off them, and wiring distance. Includes a decision flow and what to look for on a scope.

July 20, 2026 · 20 min · 

KiCad 10.0 New Features: Importers, Variants, Graphical DRC

KiCad 10.0 (March 2026): Allegro/PADS/gEDA importers, Design Variants, graphical DRC editor, time-domain track tuning, PCB Design Blocks, and more. Complete feature breakdown with V9 migration guide and the 10.0.1–10.0.5 patch history.

March 20, 2026 · Updated: July 26, 2026 · 15 min · 

Ohm's Law LED Resistor Calculation for Arduino Beginners

Learn how to safely light up an LED using Ohm’s Law. Calculate the correct resistor value, wire a breadboard circuit, and avoid common mistakes — a complete beginner’s guide.

June 15, 2020 · Updated: August 18, 2026 · 4 min ·