https://electwork.net/en/ Recent content in Electronics Lifehack! Arduino, ESP32 & IoT DIY Projects on Electronics Lifehack! https://electwork.net/images/ogp-default.jpg?v=3 https://electwork.net/images/ogp-default.jpg?v=3 Hugo -- gohugo.io en Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/i2c-spi-uart-comparison/ Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/i2c-spi-uart-comparison/ How I2C, SPI and UART differ, compared by signal count, speed, multi-device support and wiring distance. Covers pull-up sizing, SPI modes 0-3 and baud rate, with a decision flow for Arduino, ESP32 and STM32. https://electwork.net/en/posts/kochab-grid/ Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/kochab-grid/ Run several Claude Code sessions and you lose track of which is waiting. Kochab Grid puts them on one screen, color-codes each by status, and notifies you when one starts waiting. A Windows app with resume. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode12/ Fri, 08 May 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode12/ The final episode: catch the moment C becomes machine code. How GCC optimization (-O0/-O2/-Os) rewrites your code, why forgetting volatile causes a hang, and how to read Thumb-2 instructions with objdump. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode11/ Sat, 02 May 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode11/ Hands-on STM32 linker script and map file walkthrough on a NUCLEO-F401RE: what .text/.data/.bss really are, LMA vs VMA, and reading arm-none-eabi-size to find what eats Flash and RAM. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode10/ Thu, 30 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode10/ Stop letting UART transmissions stall your main loop — DMA fixes it. From STM32's bus architecture to transfer-complete callbacks, buffer management, and the D-Cache coherency trap. Episode 10 of the series. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode09/ Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode09/ Learn STM32 interrupt anti-patterns by deliberately breaking real code: ISR printf deadlock, volatile-missing optimization bugs, I2C timing breakdown, and non-atomic shared variable corruption. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode08/ Fri, 17 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode08/ STM32 interrupts on the NUCLEO-F401RE, from zero: vector table structure, NVIC priority, context saving (8 registers auto-pushed to the stack), and a TIM2 periodic interrupt implementation. https://electwork.net/en/news/artemis-ii-return-heat-shield-lofted-entry-technical-deep-dive/ Sat, 11 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/news/artemis-ii-return-heat-shield-lofted-entry-technical-deep-dive/ Why was Artemis II described as 'they might not come back'? Heat shield problems, re-entry blackout, and deep-space radiation — the engineering behind the first crewed lunar flight since 1972, explained. https://electwork.net/en/news/claude-code-source-code-leak-2026-map-file-kairos-ultraplan/ Thu, 09 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/news/claude-code-source-code-leak-2026-map-file-kairos-ultraplan/ Claude Code v2.1.88 leaked 510k lines of TypeScript via a .map misconfiguration, exposing then-unreleased KAIROS and ULTRAPLAN. Model weights are safe. Covers Vidar malware and ULTRAPLAN's later release. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode07/ Wed, 08 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode07/ Measure execution time to µs precision with DWT CYCCNT on the STM32 NUCLEO-F401RE. Covers clock frequency, CPU cycles, how it differs from SysTick, and GPIO toggle plus oscilloscope measurement. https://electwork.net/en/news/microsoft-japan-10-billion-investment-ai-infrastructure-cybersecurity-workforce-2026/ Fri, 03 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/news/microsoft-japan-10-billion-investment-ai-infrastructure-cybersecurity-workforce-2026/ Microsoft's $10B Japan investment in AI infrastructure, cybersecurity, and workforce development, analyzed for engineers — the GPU buildout with SoftBank and Sakura Internet, compared with AWS and Oracle. https://electwork.net/en/news/nvidia-gtc-2026-physical-ai-robotics-chatgpt-moment/ Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/news/nvidia-gtc-2026-physical-ai-robotics-chatgpt-moment/ NVIDIA GTC 2026 Physical AI deep-dive: GR00T N1.7's commercial license, Cosmos 3, Isaac Lab 3.0, and Jetson T4000 (4× the previous gen). Industrial adoption by FANUC and YASKAWA, plus the Sim-to-Real gap. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode06/ Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode06/ Reproduce pointer misuse on the STM32 NUCLEO-F401RE and study six failure modes — HardFault, dangling pointers, stack lifetime, out-of-bounds arrays, undefined behavior, and optimization bugs — in the debugger. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode05/ Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode05/ C pointers explained as 'typed addresses': declaration, dereferencing, the type-address relationship, casts, and memory-mapped I/O on STM32. See how CMSIS headers abstract registers with pointers. https://electwork.net/en/posts/kicad-10-new-features/ Fri, 20 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/kicad-10-new-features/ KiCad 10.0 (March 20, 2026): Allegro .brd / PADS .asc / gEDA importers, Design Variants, graphical DRC rule editor, time-domain track tuning, PCB Design Blocks, and the 10.0.1–10.0.5 patch history. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode04/ Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode04/ Manipulate STM32 (NUCLEO-F401RE) GPIO registers directly: bit masks and shifts, the Read-Modify-Write (RMW) hazard, and the atomic BSRR register. Includes a measured HAL vs register speed comparison. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode03/ Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode03/ C struct padding and alignment observed in the STM32 debugger's Memory view: array layout in SRAM, padding bytes between members, sizeof() surprises, volatile, and RAM-saving member reordering. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode02/ Sun, 01 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode02/ Learn the STM32 memory map (Flash / SRAM / peripheral registers) and watch where variables land. Verify locals on the stack, globals in SRAM, and constants in Flash at real addresses in the debugger. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode01/ Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode01/ Use STM32CubeIDE's debugger to watch the microcontroller's internal state change as a program runs — as concrete addresses. Program counter, peripheral registers, and SRAM variables are all managed by address. https://electwork.net/en/posts/rtx-pro4000-blackwell-benchmark/ Sun, 22 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/rtx-pro4000-blackwell-benchmark/ Hands-on RTX PRO 4000 Blackwell benchmarks: AI inference up to 5.47× an RTX A4000, Blender 2.29×, SDXL 1.42×, and 166 FPS in FF14 at 1080p. Plus RTX 4090 value and 145W vs 70W SFF. https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode00/ Tue, 17 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-episode00/ Why embedded programming seems hard, explained clearly. Pointers, interrupts, DMA and the stack all make sense through two lenses: 'place' (memory as a physical location) and 'time' (execution timing). https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-series/ Thu, 12 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/stm32-series/ Learn embedded fundamentals by digging into the 'why' behind Arduino: pointers as typed addresses, registers as bit collections, interrupts as time control. 13 episodes using NUCLEO-F401RE and STM32CubeIDE. https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-74hc595-led-board/ Wed, 11 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-74hc595-led-board/ Using the 74HC595 shift register with Arduino, for beginners: pin wiring (SER/SRCLK/RCLK), shiftOut() sample code, and cascading for unlimited expansion. Includes schematics, KiCad data, and hardware SPI. https://electwork.net/en/news/ubuntu-2604-lts-resolute-raccoon-security-rust/ Sat, 07 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/news/ubuntu-2604-lts-resolute-raccoon-security-rust/ Ubuntu 26.04 LTS (Resolute Raccoon) guide — released April 23, 2026. New features (Linux 7.0, GNOME 50, sudo-rs, TPM, post-quantum ML-KEM), known issues, upgrade from 24.04 LTS, and support through 2031. https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-software-pwm-wave/ Thu, 22 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-software-pwm-wave/ Implementing Software PWM on the Arduino UNO R4: give every digital pin — not just the six hardware PWM pins — smooth brightness control. Covers gamma correction, wave phase math, and flicker-free 3.9 kHz PWM. https://electwork.net/en/posts/esp32-mcp23017/ Thu, 30 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/esp32-mcp23017/ Hands-on MCP23017 wiring for ESP32: pinout, choosing the I2C address with A0-A2 (0x20-0x27), a schematic with 8 LEDs and 3 switches, and working Adafruit_MCP23X17 code. Eight chips = 128 GPIO. https://electwork.net/en/posts/esp32-clock-pcb1/ Sat, 04 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/esp32-clock-pcb1/ Building a network digital clock with an ESP32: NTP time sync, an RTC for timekeeping, six large LCD panels driven by three MCP23017 I/O expanders, PCB layout in KiCad 8.x and ordering the board from JLCPCB. https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-ir-remote-receive/ Thu, 23 Jul 2020 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-ir-remote-receive/ Receive and decode infrared remote signals with Arduino and the IRremote library, then control LEDs. Covers reading NEC/SONY protocol hex codes, mapping buttons to functions, and step-by-step dimming. https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-rgb-led-control/ Mon, 13 Jul 2020 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-rgb-led-control/ Control a common-cathode RGB LED with Arduino PWM: 8-color digitalWrite() basics, per-channel resistor calculation, and smooth 16,777,216-color gradients using sin() phase control. Includes R4 12-bit PWM. https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-adc-serial/ Sun, 12 Jul 2020 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-adc-serial/ Analog-to-digital conversion on Arduino explained: 10-bit resolution (4.88 mV/step) vs the R4's 14-bit mode (0.305 mV/step), the ADC-to-volts formula, and how a SAR ADC works. Sample code for R3 and R4. https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-buzzer-sound/ Sat, 27 Jun 2020 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/arduino-buzzer-sound/ Hands-on Arduino tone() guide: wire a passive piezo buzzer and play real notes from a three-octave table. Full sketch, the active vs passive test, and no-sound fixes. Works on UNO R3 and R4. https://electwork.net/en/posts/led-ohms-law/ Mon, 15 Jun 2020 00:00:00 +0900 https://electwork.net/en/posts/led-ohms-law/ A beginner's guide to lighting LEDs with Arduino: apply Ohm's Law to pick the right current-limiting resistor, wire a breadboard circuit step by step, and troubleshoot common issues. Covers polarity and Vf.